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最近在与Linux打交道时，发现这方面的基础较为薄弱，于是我购买了鸟哥的《Linux必备技巧》一书。初次接触Linux时，最大的感受是其操作方式与Windows截然不同，许多事情都需要通过命令来控制。虽然这也是Linux的一大特点，但也是其魅力所在。为了方便日后查阅和分享，整理出一份Linux常用命令清单，仅供参考。
archuname -rdmidecode -qhdparm -i /dev/hdahdparm -tT /dev/sdacat /proc/cpuinfocat /proc/interruptscat /proc/meminfocat /proc/swapscat /proc/versioncat /proc/net/devcat /proc/mountslspci -tvlsusb -tvdatecal 2007date 041217002007.00clock -wshutdown -h nowinit 0telinit 0shutdown -h hours:minutesshutdown -cshutdown -r nowrebootlogoutcd ~cd /home/user1cd ..cd ../..cd /pwdlsls -als -lls *[0-9]*treemkdir dir1mkdir dir1 dir2mkdir -p /tmp/dir1/dir2rm -f file1rmdir dir1rm -rf dir1mv dir1 new_dircp file1 file2cp dir0/file /tmp/example.txtcp -n file1 file2cat file1cat file1 | morecat example.txt | awk 'NR%2==1'echo a b c | awk '{print $1}'echo a b c | awk '{print $1,$3}'paste file1 file2paste -d '+' file1 file2sort file1 file2sort file1 file2 | uniqsort file1 file2 | uniq -usort file1 file2 | uniq -dcomm -1 file1 file2comm -2 file1 file2comm -3 file1 file2dos2unix filedos.txt fileunix.txtunix2dos fileunix.txt filedos.txtrecode ..HTML < page.txt > page.htmlrecode -l | morebadblocks -v /dev/hda1fsck /dev/hda1fsck.ext2 /dev/hda1e2fsck /dev/hda1e2fsck -j /dev/hda1fsck.ext3 /dev/hda1fsck.vfat /dev/hda1fsck.msdos /dev/hda1dosfsck /dev/hda1mkfs /dev/hda1mke2fs /dev/hda1mke2fs -j /dev/hda1mkfs -t vfat 32 -F /dev/hda1fdformat -n /dev/fd0mkswap /dev/hda3swapon /dev/hda3swapon /dev/hda2 /dev/hdb3mkswap /dev/hda3swapon /dev/hda3swapon /dev/hda2 /dev/hdb3dump -0aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /homedump -1aj -f /tmp/home0.bak /homerestore -if /tmp/home0.bakrsync -rogpav --delete /home /tmprsync -rogpav -e ssh --delete /home ip_address:/tmpdd bs=1M if=/dev/hda | gzip | ssh user@ip_addr 'dd of=hda.gz’dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/file1tar -Puf backup.tar /home/user( cd /tmp/local/ && tar c . ) | ssh -C user@ip_addr 'cd /home/share/ && tar x -p’tar cf - . | (cd /tmp/backup ; tar xf - )find /home/user1 -name '*.txt' | xargs cp -av --target-directory=/home/backup/ --parentsfind /var/log -name '*.log' | tar cv --files-from=- | bzip2 > log.tar.bz2dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/hda bs=512 count=1cdrecord -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/cdrom -eject blank=fast -forcemkisofs /dev/cdrom > cd.isomkisofs /dev/cdrom | gzip > cd_iso.gzmkisofs -J -allow-leading-dots -R -V "Label CD" -iso-level 4 -o ./cd.iso data_cdcdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom cd.isogzip -dc cd_iso.gz | cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom -mount -o loop cd.iso /mnt/isocd-paranoia -Bcd-paranoia -- "-3"cdrecord --scanbusdd if=/dev/hdc | md5sumifconfig eth0ifup eth0ifdown eth0ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0ifconfig eth0 promiscdhclient eth0route -nroute add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gatewayroute add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1route del 0/0 gw IP_Gatewayecho "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forwardhostnamehost www.example.comnslookup www.example.com转载地址：http://zfkfk.baihongyu.com/